全文获取类型
收费全文 | 97282篇 |
免费 | 18192篇 |
国内免费 | 11201篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 67242篇 |
晶体学 | 1132篇 |
力学 | 6358篇 |
综合类 | 715篇 |
数学 | 11535篇 |
物理学 | 39693篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 103篇 |
2023年 | 2099篇 |
2022年 | 2233篇 |
2021年 | 3077篇 |
2020年 | 4178篇 |
2019年 | 3827篇 |
2018年 | 3438篇 |
2017年 | 3142篇 |
2016年 | 4910篇 |
2015年 | 4662篇 |
2014年 | 5722篇 |
2013年 | 7352篇 |
2012年 | 9003篇 |
2011年 | 9372篇 |
2010年 | 6295篇 |
2009年 | 6204篇 |
2008年 | 6671篇 |
2007年 | 5872篇 |
2006年 | 5568篇 |
2005年 | 4456篇 |
2004年 | 3525篇 |
2003年 | 2767篇 |
2002年 | 2560篇 |
2001年 | 2300篇 |
2000年 | 1879篇 |
1999年 | 2042篇 |
1998年 | 1722篇 |
1997年 | 1637篇 |
1996年 | 1617篇 |
1995年 | 1395篇 |
1994年 | 1212篇 |
1993年 | 1060篇 |
1992年 | 891篇 |
1991年 | 814篇 |
1990年 | 673篇 |
1989年 | 532篇 |
1988年 | 392篇 |
1987年 | 325篇 |
1986年 | 338篇 |
1985年 | 277篇 |
1984年 | 154篇 |
1983年 | 118篇 |
1982年 | 102篇 |
1981年 | 60篇 |
1980年 | 44篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 31篇 |
1936年 | 6篇 |
1922年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the connections between the weak Galerkin (WG) methods with and without stabilizers. The choices of stabilizers directly affect the convergence rates of the corresponding WG methods in general. However, we observed that the convergence rates are independent of the choices of stabilizers for these WG elements with stabilizers being optional. In this paper, we will verify such phenomena theoretically as well as numerically.
相似文献62.
Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper studies the double-parameter multi-pulse jumping chaotic vibrations and metastable chaos of the bistable asymmetric composite laminated square panel under combined... 相似文献
63.
Crystallography Reports - A di-nuclear uranyl complex with the formula of [(UO2)2(L)4(H2O)2]?4H2O (1) (HL = quinoline-6-carboxylic acid) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by... 相似文献
64.
Let p ∈ [1, ∞), q ∈ [1, ∞), α∈ R, and s be a non-negative integer. Inspired by the space JNp introduced by John and Nirenberg(1961) and the space B introduced by Bourgain et al.(2015), we introduce a special John-Nirenberg-Campanato space JNcon(p,q,s) over Rn or a given cube of R;with finite side length via congruent subcubes, which are of some amalgam features. The limit space of such spaces as p →∞ is just the Campanato space which coincides with the space BMO(the space of functions with bounded mean oscillations)when α = 0. Moreover, a vanishing subspace of this new space is introduced, and its equivalent characterization is established as well, which is a counterpart of the known characterization for the classical space VMO(the space of functions with vanishing mean oscillations) over Rn or a given cube of Rn with finite side length.Furthermore, some VMO-H1-BMO-type results for this new space are also obtained, which are based on the aforementioned vanishing subspaces and the Hardy-type space defined via congruent cubes in this article. The geometrical properties of both the Euclidean space via its dyadic system and congruent cubes play a key role in the proofs of all these results. 相似文献
65.
Yi-Tong Xu Tian-Yang Zhang Zheng Li Xiang-Nan Liu Yuan-Cheng Zhu Wei-Wei Zhao Hong-Yuan Chen Jing-Juan Xu 《Electroanalysis》2022,34(6):947-955
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cytosensors, a combination of the PEC process and the living-cell assay, have emerged as a powerful tool in the analytical and biological science. This mini review provides a brief introduction of this arena and summaries the key steps about the development of PEC cytosensors with representative examples, followed by future prospects based on our own opinions. 相似文献
66.
Hexagonal boron nitride (BN) platelets, also known as white graphite, are often used to improve the thermal conductivities of polymeric matrices. Due to the poor interfacial compatibility between BN platelets and polymeric matrices, in this study, polyrhodanine (PRd) was used to modify BN platelets and prepared functionalized BN-PRd platelets, thereby enhancing the interfacial interaction between the thermal conductive filler and polymeric matrix. Then, BN-PRd platelets were dispersed into the nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) matrix to yield high thermally conductive composites. The presence of N? C═S groups in PRd allowed the combination of PRd and NBR chains containing stable covalent bonds via vulcanization reaction. The thermal conductivity of the as-prepared 30 vol% BN-PRd/NBR composite reached 0.40 W/mK, representing an increment of 135% over pure NBR (0.17 W/mK). In addition, the largest tensile strength of NBR composite containing 30 vol% BN-PRd platelets was 880% times of pure NBR. The 30 vol% BN-PRd/NBR composite also displayed a relatively high dielectric constant (9.35 at 100 Hz) and a low dielectric loss tangent value (0.07 at 100 Hz), indicating their usefulness as dielectric flexible materials of microelectronics. In sum, the simplicity and good efficiency of formation of covalent bonds between boron nitride and rubber chains look very promising for large-scale industrial production of high thermally conductive composites. 相似文献
67.
Edward G. Sheetz Zhao Zhang Alyssa Marogil Minwei Che Dr. Maren Pink Dr. Veronica Carta Prof. Dr. Krishnan Raghavachari Prof. Dr. Amar H. Flood 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(60):e202201584
The recognition of boron compounds is well developed as boronic acids but untapped as organotrifluoroborate anions (R−BF3−). We are exploring the development of these and other designer anions as anion-recognition motifs by considering them as substituted versions of the parent inorganic ion. To this end, we demonstrate strong and reliable binding of organic trifluoroborates, R−BF3−, by cyanostar macrocycles that are size-complementary to the inorganic BF4− progenitors. We find that recognition is modulated by the substituent's sterics and that the affinities are retained using the common K+ salts of R−BF3− anions. 相似文献
68.
Qianqian Fan Zirui Liu Feng Qiu Prof. Yong Mao Prof. Qingju Liu Prof. Longzhou Zhang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(63):e202202700
The artificially accurate design of nonmetal electrocatalysts’ active site has been a huge challenge because no pure active species with the specific structure could be strictly controlled by traditional synthetic methods. Species with a multiconfiguration in the catalyst hinder identification of the active site and the subsequent comprehension of the reaction mechanism. We have developed a novel electro-assisted molecular assembly strategy to obtain a pure pentagon ring on perfect graphene avoiding other reconstructed structures. More importantly, the active atom was confirmed by the subtle passivation process as the topmost carbon atom. Recognition of the carbon-defect electrocatalysis reaction mechanism was first downsized to the single-atom scale from the experimental perspective. It is expected that this innovative electro-assisted molecular assembly strategy could be extensively applied in the active structure-controlled synthesis of nonmetal electrocatalysts and verification of the exact active atom. 相似文献
69.
Hu Bing Guo Fangsong Li Shanrong Yang Can Lin Wei Zhang Jinshui Hou Yidong Wang Xinchen 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2022,48(6):2295-2311
Research on Chemical Intermediates - Element doping has demonstrated an effective strategy for enhancing photocatalytic performance of carbon nitride (CN). Herein, we reported that oxygen-doped CN... 相似文献
70.
Emerging Trends in Fluorescence Bioimaging of Divalent Metal Cations Using Small-Molecule Indicators
Mingqiao Liu Junwei Zhang Zhixing Chen 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(45):e202200587
Visualization of cation dynamics inside a living system represent a major breakthrough at the crossroad of chemistry and cellular physiology. Since the inception of BAPTA-based cellular calcium indicators in the 1980s, generations of chemical and genetically encoded ion indicators spanning the visible spectrum have been developed. In this article, we bring up three emerging concepts in this field: 1. red-shifting cation indicators towards far-red and near-infrared (NIR) channels; 2. directing the indicators to various subcellular localizations; 3. lowering the phototoxicity of indicators for long term recording. These initiatives collectively echo the advocate of 4D cellular physiology, where biological processes within living systems can be panoramically unveiled under 3D, long-term, and multi-channel imaging with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. This outlook poses exciting challenges and opportunities for chemists to upgrade the toolkit of fluorescent indicators as key enablers for a new era of imageomics. 相似文献